Sam Mendes’ 2019 film 1917 captivated audiences with its immersive storytelling and groundbreaking cinematography. The film’s unique approach, designed to appear as a single continuous shot, offers a visceral experience of World War I. This article delves into the meticulous planning, innovative techniques, and collaborative efforts that brought this cinematic vision to life.
The Vision Behind the One-Shot Technique
From the outset, director Sam Mendes envisioned 1917 as a real-time journey, immersing viewers in the harrowing mission of two British soldiers. This narrative choice necessitated a filming style that mirrored the unbroken passage of time, leading to the decision to shoot the film as a continuous take.
Inspiration from Personal History
Mendes drew inspiration from stories his grandfather shared about his experiences as a messenger during World War I. These personal anecdotes informed the film’s narrative and underscored the importance of authenticity in its portrayal of wartime events.
Meticulous Pre-Production Planning
Achieving the illusion of a single continuous shot required extensive pre-production planning. Every aspect of the film, from set design to choreography, was meticulously mapped out to ensure seamless execution.
Building the World of ‘1917’
Production designer Dennis Gassner and his team constructed over 5,200 feet of trenches and various other sets to accommodate the film’s complex camera movements. Scale models of each set were created to plan the actors’ movements and camera paths precisely.
Rehearsals and Timing
Rehearsals were conducted extensively on location to synchronize the actors’ performances with the camera’s movements. This process ensured that each scene’s timing matched the length of the set, allowing for fluid transitions and maintaining the illusion of a continuous shot.
Innovative Cinematography Techniques
Renowned cinematographer Roger Deakins played a pivotal role in realizing the film’s visual style. His expertise and innovative approach were instrumental in overcoming the technical challenges posed by the one-shot technique.
Camera Equipment and Movement
The production utilized the ARRI Alexa Mini LF camera paired with ARRI Signature Prime lenses. The camera was mounted on various stabilizing rigs, including the Stabileye and ARRI Trinity, to achieve smooth and dynamic shots. These setups allowed the camera to navigate through trenches, across battlefields, and into confined spaces seamlessly.
Lighting Challenges
Lighting the expansive sets without visible equipment required creative solutions. For daytime scenes, the team relied on overcast weather to maintain consistent lighting. Night scenes, such as those in the bombed-out village, were illuminated using choreographed flares and strategically placed lights to create dynamic and atmospheric visuals.
Seamless Editing and Post-Production
While the film appears as a single continuous shot, it is composed of several long takes expertly stitched together. Editor Lee Smith worked closely with the production team to ensure these transitions were imperceptible, maintaining the film’s immersive experience.
Hidden Cuts and Transitions
Strategic use of foreground elements, such as passing through doorways or moving behind objects, provided opportunities to blend separate shots seamlessly. These hidden cuts were meticulously planned and executed to preserve the illusion of continuity.
Authentic Set Design and Historical Accuracy
Authenticity was paramount in recreating the World War I setting. The production team conducted extensive research to ensure historical accuracy in every detail, from the design of the trenches to the soldiers’ uniforms.
Constructing Realistic Environments
The sets were built to reflect the harsh and claustrophobic conditions of the trenches. Attention to detail extended to the textures of the walls, the placement of props, and the overall atmosphere, immersing both actors and audiences in the period.
Costume and Prop Authenticity
Costume designer Jacqueline Durran ensured that the uniforms and gear accurately represented those used during World War I. This commitment to authenticity enhanced the film’s credibility and immersive quality.
Overcoming Technical Challenges
The ambitious nature of the one-shot technique presented numerous technical challenges, requiring innovative solutions and collaboration across departments.
Coordinating Complex Scenes
Scenes involving intricate choreography, such as the nighttime sequence in the bombed-out village, required precise coordination between the camera crew, actors, and special effects teams. The use of scale models and extensive rehearsals facilitated the successful execution of these complex scenes.
Ensuring Audio Consistency
Production sound mixer Stuart Wilson designed an intricate wireless network to capture audio without visible equipment. This system ensured consistent sound quality throughout the film, despite the dynamic camera movements and challenging environments.
Impact on Filmmaking and Audience Experience
The innovative techniques employed in 1917 have left a lasting impact on the film industry, inspiring filmmakers to explore new storytelling methods and technical approaches.
Immersive Storytelling
The continuous shot technique draws viewers into the narrative, creating a sense of immediacy and intimacy with the characters. This immersive experience heightens the emotional impact of the story and offers a unique perspective on the realities of war.
Advancements in Cinematic Techniques
The success of 1917 demonstrates the potential of combining traditional filmmaking methods with modern technology. The film serves as a testament to the power of collaboration, innovation, and meticulous planning in achieving groundbreaking cinematic experiences.
Conclusion
The filming of 1917 stands as a remarkable achievement in cinema, showcasing the dedication and ingenuity of its creators. Through meticulous planning, innovative techniques, and a commitment to authenticity, the film offers an unparalleled immersive experience that continues to captivate audiences and inspire filmmakers worldwide.
